Genitourinary Mpox: A case report & primer for urologists

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Virology
• Urology

Background:

• The global Mpox outbreak, caused by the monkeypox virus, began in May 2022, extending beyond endemic regions in Africa.
• Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease with significant public health implications.

Observation:

• A 23-year-old African American male with HIV and normal CD4 counts presented with painful, evolving penile skin lesions.
• These lesions were clinically identified as a manifestation of Mpox infection.

Findings:

• The case demonstrates Mpox can present with genital symptoms in individuals with HIV.
• Early identification of Mpox symptomatology is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Implications:

• Urologists must be aware of Mpox as a differential diagnosis for genital lesions, especially during the ongoing outbreak.
• Prompt recognition can aid in preventing further transmission and managing patient care effectively.