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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
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Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

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Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
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Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
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Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

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The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate
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Measuring Relative Insulin Secretion using a Co-Secreted Luciferase Surrogate

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Insulin and the sebaceous gland function.

Obumneme Emeka Okoro1, Emanuela Camera2, Enrica Flori2

  • 1Dermatology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.

Frontiers in Physiology
|September 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insulin significantly impacts skin

Keywords:
MTOR signalingacneinsulinsebaceous glandsebocytes

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Endocrinology
  • Skin Physiology and Metabolism

Background:

  • Insulin influences metabolic processes in skin appendages, notably the sebaceous gland (SG).
  • The SG responds to insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling pathways.
  • Factors like glucose levels and receptor sensitivity modulate insulin's effects on SG metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate effects of insulin on sebaceous gland function.
  • To explore the role of insulin signaling in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of existing experimental and theoretical evidence.
  • Analysis of the interplay between insulin, IGF-1, and SG physiology.
  • Examination of diet-related influences on SG function and insulin pathways.

Main Results:

  • Insulin and IGF-1 signaling pathways are critical regulators of SG metabolism.
  • Insulin resistance is strongly implicated in the development of acne vulgaris.
  • Dietary factors can influence SG conditions via insulin and IGF-1 pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin plays a pivotal role in regulating sebaceous gland activity and metabolism.
  • Dysregulation of insulin signaling, particularly insulin resistance, is a key factor in acne pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these mechanisms offers potential therapeutic targets for acne treatment.