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Fatal Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri: The First Imported Case in Korea
Kyung-Wook Hong1, Jong Hwan Jeong2, Jung-Hyun Byun3
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.
Abstract:
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare, but almost always fatal, central nervous system infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, which are thermophilic free-living amoeba. Here, we report the first case of PAM detected in South Korea, probably imported from Thailand. Despite antimicrobial treatment for N. fowleri infection with a combination of intravenous liposomal amphotericin B, fluconazole, azithromycin, and oral rifampin, the patient died 13 days after the onset of symptoms. Clinicians in South Korea treating severe meningoencephalitis, especially in individuals returning from tropical areas, are encouraged to include PAM in the differential diagnoses, given the accelerated global warming and increased overseas trips.
Insights
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare and fatal brain infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, has been reported for the first time in South Korea. Despite aggressive treatment, the patient succumbed to the infection, highlighting the need for increased awareness.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a devastating central nervous system infection.
- It is caused by the thermophilic free-living amoeba, Naegleria fowleri.
- PAM is exceedingly rare but almost invariably fatal.
