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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Reefshape: A System for the Efficient Collection and Automated Processing of Time-Series Underwater Photogrammetry Data for Benthic Habitat Monitoring

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NOAA Open Data Dissemination: Petabyte-scale Earth system data in the cloud.

Denis S Willett¹, Jonathan Brannock¹, Jenny Dissen¹

¹Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth Systems Studies (CISESS), North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Asheville, NC, USA.

Science Advances

|September 20, 2023

Summary

The NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD) program provides free public access to over 24 PB of environmental data via cloud platforms. This initiative accelerates Earth system data science by making vast NOAA datasets readily available for analysis.

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Area of Science:

Earth and environmental science
Data science
Cloud computing

Background:

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) holds vast amounts of critical environmental data.
Public access to large-scale environmental datasets is essential for scientific advancement and informed decision-making.
Existing data dissemination methods may not be optimized for cloud-native workflows and petabyte-scale access.

Purpose of the Study:

To document the NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD) program.
To explain the program's focus on data provenance, key datasets, and utilization.
To guide users on accessing NOAA environmental data within cloud environments.

Main Methods:

Leveraging cloud platforms like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP) for data hosting.
Organizing and making accessible diverse NOAA datasets, including satellite imagery, radar, weather models, observations, ocean databases, and climate records.
Implementing robust data management to support petabyte-scale access and billions of daily requests.

Main Results:

NODD currently provides access to over 24 petabytes (PB) of NOAA data.
The platform supports billions of requests and petabytes of data access daily.
Over 5 PB of NODD data are accessed monthly by stakeholders.

Conclusions:

The NODD program successfully enables open, petabyte-scale Earth system data science in the cloud.
Continued growth and exploration of performant data formats will further enhance data accessibility.
Facilitating cloud-based access to NOAA data accelerates scientific research and application.