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Interactions between cimetidine, methylparathion, and parathion.

U M Joshi, J E Thornburg

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

|January 1, 1986

Summary

Cimetidine pretreatment protected mice and rats from methylparathion toxicity by reducing lethality and delaying toxic signs. However, it did not protect against parathion toxicity, indicating a specific protective effect.

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Area of Science:

Toxicology
Pharmacology
Pesticide Safety

Background:

Organophosphate pesticides are widely used but can be toxic.
Metabolic activation is crucial for the toxicity of some organophosphates.
Cimetidine is a drug that can inhibit certain metabolic enzymes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the protective potential of cimetidine against organophosphate pesticide toxicity.
To determine if cimetidine affects the toxicity of methylparathion (MP) and parathion.
To assess the role of metabolic activation in cimetidine's protective effects.

Main Methods:

Mice and rats were pretreated with cimetidine before exposure to methylparathion or parathion.
Lethality and onset of cholinergic signs of toxicity were monitored.
Cimetidine administration timing (pretreatment vs. simultaneous) was varied.

Main Results:

Cimetidine pretreatment significantly reduced methylparathion-induced lethality and delayed toxic signs in both species.
Simultaneous administration of cimetidine and methylparathion did not alter toxicity.
Cimetidine pretreatment failed to protect against parathion-induced toxicity.

Conclusions:

Cimetidine pretreatment offers protection against methylparathion toxicity, likely by inhibiting its metabolic activation.
The protective effect is specific to certain organophosphates like methylparathion and not others like parathion.
This suggests a role for metabolic pathways in mediating cimetidine's protective effects against pesticide toxicity.

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