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A Mixed-Methods Approach to the Development of a Disaster Food Security Framework
Lauren A Clay1, Nadia Koyratty1, Stephanie Rogus2
1Department of Emergency Health Services, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland.
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
|September 20, 2023
Summary
Disaster food security is complex, with availability, accessibility, and acceptability being key dimensions. A new framework (DFSF) was developed and validated to better understand and address food insecurity after disasters.
Area of Science:
- Food security research
- Disaster response and management
- Public health and nutrition
Background:
- Limited research exists on food systems and food insecurity (FI) post-disaster.
- Contextual differences in food systems significantly impact FI dimensions.
- Measurement challenges hinder effective interventions for disaster-affected communities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a comprehensive Disaster Food Security Framework (DFSF).
- To validate the DFSF through expert consensus.
- To quantitatively test the DFSF's robustness using real-world disaster data.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative interviews and quantitative analysis.
- In-depth interviews explored lived experiences of disaster-affected individuals.
- Expert panel validation and quantitative testing using pandemic data ensured framework robustness.
Main Results:
- Four dimensions of disaster FI were identified: availability, accessibility, acceptability, and agency.
- The DFSF demonstrated high content validity (>0.42) from expert review.
- Quantitative analysis confirmed a component representing availability, acceptability, and accessibility.
Conclusions:
- The developed Disaster Food Security Framework (DFSF) offers a validated tool for understanding post-disaster food insecurity.
- The framework highlights key dimensions of food security crucial for disaster preparedness and response.
- Further research should explore the 'agency' dimension and refine measurement tools for disaster FI.
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