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Development of circadian neurovascular function and its implications.

Jennifer W Mitchell1,2,3, Martha U Gillette1,2,3,4,5

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The neurovascular unit (NVU) has a circadian clock that regulates brain health. Disrupting this clock impairs NVU function, increasing risks for brain dysfunction and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • The neurovascular system links the central nervous system (CNS) and blood circulation.
  • The neurovascular unit (NVU) maintains the blood-brain interface (BBI), regulates cerebral blood flow, and monitors for injury.
  • The NVU is a dynamic system crucial for brain health and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the functional role of the circadian clock within the NVU.
  • To investigate how circadian regulation impacts neurovascular physiology.
  • To understand the consequences of circadian disruption on NVU function and brain health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on circadian rhythms and the neurovascular unit.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms governing circadian neurovascular function.
  • Examination of the physiological effects of circadian clock disruption on the NVU.

Main Results:

  • The NVU possesses an intrinsic circadian clock that anticipates daily physiological changes.
  • Circadian regulation by the NVU influences BBI permeability, cerebral blood flow, and inflammation.
  • Disruption of the NVU circadian clock impairs key physiological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian rhythms are integral to neurovascular unit function and overall brain health.
  • Understanding NVU circadian biology is vital for addressing neurological disorders.
  • Impaired neurovascular function due to circadian disruption is linked to cerebral bleeding and neurodegeneration.