Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2025
A Rehabilitation Program of Exoskeleton-assisted Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training with Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Stroke Patients
Published on: May 16, 2025
The effects of cycling on walking outcomes in adults with stroke: a systematic review
Madeeha Khan1, Logan M Maag1, Mary Pat Harnegie2
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Background:
Stationary cycling is often prescribed for survivors of stroke as a safe means of aerobic exercise to improve cardiovascular health. While cycling is typically not prescribed to restore ambulatory function, improvements in measures of walking after cycling interventions have been reported in the literature.
Objective:
To investigate the effects of cycling on walking outcomes in adults with stroke.
Methods:
Relevant databases were searched through 15 August. Walking-related outcomes were extracted. Correlation coefficients were computed to measure the relationship between exercise protocol parameters and change in walking outcomes.
Results:
Eleven articles were included in the review. Eight studies representing nine cycling intervention groups reported change in walking capacity measured by the six-minute walk test with improvements ranging from 6.1 to 63.0 m. Seven studies measured gait velocity, reporting improvements ranging from 0.01 to 0.21 m/sec. Protocols that yielded the greatest improvement in walking capacity prescribed moderate- to high-intensity aerobic training. Significant positive correlations were measured between change in gait velocity and number of exercise sessions and total minutes of exercise prescribed.
Conclusion:
Considerable heterogeneity was observed across cycling protocols with respect to intensity, frequency, exercise duration and protocol duration. However, none of the studies reported declines in walking outcomes and improvements were measured in the absence of task-specific gait training. Cycling interventions employing moderate- to high-intensity aerobic training and 24 sessions or more may be optimal in improving gait velocity and walking capacity.
