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Toward Citizen Science-Based Ocean Acidification Observations Using Smartphone Devices.

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A new smartphone-based analyzer (vSEA) enables rapid, accurate seawater pH monitoring for ocean acidification studies. This affordable tool meets global standards, empowering citizen science in environmental monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Accurate seawater pH monitoring is crucial for understanding ocean acidification and environmental changes.
  • Existing methods can be expensive and complex, limiting widespread application.
  • There is a need for accessible, precise, and field-deployable pH measurement tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a versatile smartphone-based environmental analyzer (vSEA) for rapid seawater pH measurements.
  • To assess the feasibility and accuracy of the vSEA algorithm for pH quantification in field conditions.
  • To provide a robust, affordable, and user-friendly solution for ocean acidification monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a versatile smartphone-based environmental analyzer (vSEA) with a 3D-printed light-proof shell for image capture.
  • Explored and verified the vSEA algorithm for quantitative pH measurements in seawater samples.
  • Conducted field studies in coastal seawater and coral reef environments.
  • Validated vSEA-pH system performance against a state-of-the-art benchtop spectrophotometer using t-tests.

Main Results:

  • The vSEA-pH system achieved quantitative accuracy of 0.018 pH units with an uncertainty <0.01, meeting Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON) "weather" goals.
  • Measurements were consistent with a benchtop spectrophotometer (t = 1.986, p = 0.7949).
  • The system demonstrated successful application in on-site measurements of coastal seawater and coral systems.

Conclusions:

  • The vSEA-pH system offers a simple, accurate, and applicable method for on-site seawater pH measurement.
  • Its compatibility with various smartphone devices facilitates widespread adoption, including citizen science initiatives.
  • The system significantly aids large-scale ocean acidification monitoring by enabling accessible data collection.