The effect of acupuncture on oestrogen receptors in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia

The effects of acupuncture on the protein and gene expression of oestrogen receptors (ERs) alpha (α) and beta (β) in testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats remains unclear. In this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 per group). The rats in the blank group did not receive any treatment, while the rats in the model group were injected intraperitoneally with testosterone propionate for 28 days to establish the BPH model and then randomly sub-divided into a control group, an acupuncture group and a finasteride group (positive control group). Dissections were performed after rats were anesthetized with isoflurane, and then the weight and volume of the prostate were then measured. The expression of ERs was detected via immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that ERα was discontinuously distributed in epithelial cells and expressed in large quantities in stromal cells, and ERβ was aggregated and expressed in hyperplastic nodules. Acupuncture and finasteride could significantly improve the distribution of ERα and ERβ which suggested that acupuncture and finasteride could improve BPH. There was no significant difference in ERα messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression among the groups, but the ERβ mRNA expression in the finasteride group showed a significant difference compared with the control and acupuncture groups. The mechanism of the acupuncture treatment of BPH may be related to the increased transcription level of ERβ mRNA in prostate tissues, the improved distribution of ERα expression in epithelial cells and the aggregation expression of ERs in hyperplastic nodules.