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Cancer Vaccines01:30

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. A H3k27m-targeted Vaccine In Adults With Diffuse Midline Glioma

A H3K27M-targeted vaccine in adults with diffuse midline glioma

Niklas Grassl1,2,3, Isabel Poschke1,4, Katharina Lindner1,4

  • 1DKTK CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Nature Medicine
|September 22, 2023

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows the H3K27M-vac vaccine is safe and triggers immune responses in patients with aggressive diffuse midline glioma. Some patients experienced prolonged remission, demonstrating the vaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Neuro-oncology

Background:

  • H3K27M mutation defines an aggressive diffuse glioma subtype.
  • H3K27M-specific vaccine showed promise in preclinical models.
  • Diffuse midline glioma with H3K27M mutation has poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of H3K27M-vac in adult patients.
  • Assess clinical outcomes including progression-free and overall survival.
  • Investigate the potential of H3K27M-vac in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy.

Main Methods:

  • First-in-human clinical trial of H3K27M-vac on a compassionate use basis.
  • Eight adult patients with progressive H3K27M+ diffuse midline glioma were treated.
  • Five patients received H3K27M-vac combined with anti-PD-1 therapy.

Main Results:

  • H3K27M-vac was safe and well-tolerated in patients.
  • Mutation-specific immune responses, dominated by CD4+ T cells, were observed in 5/8 patients.
  • Median progression-free survival was 6.2 months and median overall survival was 12.8 months.
  • One patient achieved complete remission for over 31 months after showing a strong T cell response.

Conclusions:

  • H3K27M-vac is safe and immunogenic in patients with H3K27M+ diffuse midline glioma.
  • The vaccine induces mutation-specific T cell responses.
  • Clinical responses, including durable remission, suggest therapeutic potential.