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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Cameroon: Prevalence and Predictors-A Multisetting Community-Based Study
Massongo Massongo1, Adamou Dodo Balkissou2, Laurent-Mireille Endale Mangamba3,4
1Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Pulmonary Medicine
|September 22, 2023
Summary
This study found a 2.9% prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Cameroon. Key predictors included biomass fuel exposure, tuberculosis history, and asthma, highlighting non-traditional risk factors for COPD in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Global Health
Background:
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
- Limited data exists on COPD prevalence and risk factors within Cameroon.
- Understanding local epidemiology is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence of COPD in Cameroon.
- To identify independent predictors associated with COPD in the Cameroonian population.
- To contribute to the understanding of COPD epidemiology in SSA.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted in 4 regions of Cameroon.
- 5055 adults aged 19+ were randomly selected, with spirometry performed.
- COPD was defined using Global Lung Initiative (GLI) equations; logistic regression identified predictors.
Main Results:
- COPD prevalence was 2.9% (95% CI: 2.4-3.3%).
- Independent predictors included high education, rural/semi-urban living, smoking, biomass fuel exposure, dyspnea, prior tuberculosis, and asthma history.
- Obesity was found to be a protective factor (aOR=0.3).
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of COPD in Cameroon was found to be relatively low.
- Biomass fuel exposure, history of tuberculosis, and asthma were confirmed as significant predictors.
- These findings underscore the importance of non-traditional risk factors in COPD etiology within this region.
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