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Converging protective pathways: Exploring the linkage between physical exercise, extracellular vesicles and oxidative
Veronica Lisi1, Giorgia Senesi2, Carolina Balbi3
1Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|September 22, 2023
Summary
Regular physical exercise (EXR) improves health by reducing chronic disease risk. Exercise-released extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in enhancing antioxidant pathways and combating oxidative stress.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Cellular biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Physical exercise (EXR) confers significant health benefits, reducing mortality risk from chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer.
- EXR improves cardiovascular fitness, cognitive function, immune activity, endocrine function, and musculoskeletal health.
- These benefits are partly mediated by EXR's role in redox homeostasis, counteracting reactive oxygen species (ROS) linked to chronic diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released during physical exercise and oxidative stress.
- To highlight how EVs mediate beneficial effects on antioxidant pathways and reduce oxidative stress.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on studies investigating EVs and their cargo in response to exercise and oxidative stress.
- Analysis of how EV cargo composition changes under these conditions.
- Examination of the impact of exercise-induced EVs on antioxidant enzyme pathways.
Main Results:
- Physical exercise triggers the release of EVs carrying various biomolecules like proteins and microRNAs (miRs).
- EV cargo composition is altered by oxidative stress and exercise.
- EVs released during exercise can enhance antioxidant enzyme activity and reduce the oxidative stress environment.
Conclusions:
- Extracellular vesicles are crucial mediators of the beneficial effects of physical exercise.
- Exercise-induced EVs contribute to redox homeostasis by modulating antioxidant pathways.
- Targeting EV-mediated communication holds potential for therapeutic interventions against oxidative stress-related diseases.
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