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Polylactic acid/polycaprolactone/sawdust based biocomposites trays with enhanced compostability.

Manoj Kumar Dhal1, Kshitij Madhu1, Arnab Banerjee2

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; Centre for Sustainable Polymers, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|September 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed sawdust-reinforced polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) biocomposites. The 30% sawdust composite showed optimal properties and biodegraded in about 90 days, offering a sustainable alternative.

Keywords:
BiocompositeBiopolymer compostingPolycaprolactonePolylactic acidSawdust

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Petroleum-based polymers cause significant pollution and environmental hazards.
  • Biodegradable polymers and biocomposites offer sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics.
  • Developing cost-effective and eco-friendly materials is crucial for reducing environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize sawdust-reinforced polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) biocomposites.
  • To evaluate the mechanical properties, thermal stability, and biodegradability of these novel biocomposites.
  • To assess the potential for commercial application of these sustainable materials.

Main Methods:

  • Melt extrusion technique was used to fabricate PLA/PCL biocomposites with varying sawdust content (10-40%).
  • Tensile testing, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) were employed for characterization.
  • Biodegradability was assessed in simulated composting environments, and scalability was demonstrated through pilot-level production.

Main Results:

  • Biocomposites with up to 40% sawdust were successfully produced.
  • The composite with 30% sawdust exhibited optimal properties: tensile strength of 26.5 MPa, tensile strain of 4.4%, and onset degradation temperature of 320°C.
  • Sawdust addition significantly reduced the degradation lag phase, with complete degradation achieved in approximately 90 days.
  • The 30% sawdust formulation was successfully scaled up to a 5 kg batch and processed into cutlery.

Conclusions:

  • Sawdust-reinforced PLA/PCL biocomposites offer a promising sustainable alternative to conventional polymers.
  • The 30% sawdust composite demonstrates a favorable balance of mechanical properties, thermal stability, and rapid biodegradability.
  • These biocomposites have the potential for commercial application in products like cutlery, contributing to affordable and sustainable material solutions.