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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • Axions are hypothetical particles that could form a cosmic axion background (CaB).
  • The Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) typically searches for narrow-band dark matter signals.
  • A CaB is a relativistic, non-dark matter axion background with a broad signal characteristic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform the first direct search for a cosmic axion background (CaB).
  • To develop and apply a novel analysis technique for detecting broad-band axion signals.
  • To set limits on the axion-photon coupling for CaB originating from dark matter cascade decay.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the ADMX axion haloscope, repurposing data collected for dark matter searches.
  • Developed a new analysis strategy to detect daily modulations in the haloscope's measured power, indicative of a CaB.
  • Focused on the 800-995 MHz frequency range, searching for axion signals from dark matter cascade decay via a mediator.

Main Results:

  • Established the first direct search limits for a cosmic axion background (CaB).
  • Identified limitations in current sensitivity due to cavity readout fluctuations during frequency scanning.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of searching for CaB using a daily modulation analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The novel daily modulation analysis technique is effective for detecting broadband radio frequency signals like CaB.
  • Superconducting qubits offer a potential solution to overcome current sensitivity limitations.
  • ADMX can be repurposed as a 'telescope' to search for axions from dark matter decay.