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Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
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Circulating tumor cells and host immunity: A tricky liaison.

Elena Muraro1, Giulia Brisotto1

  • 1Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Units, Department of Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Aviano, Italy.

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
|September 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) interact with the immune system during metastasis. Understanding this complex crosstalk may improve cancer patient management through integrated monitoring.

Keywords:
Circulating tumor cellsImmune systemMacrophagesNatural killer (NK) cellsNeutrophilsPlateletsRegulatory T cellsT lymphocytes

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Metastasis

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are crucial for metastasis.
  • The immune system plays a complex role in the metastatic cascade, influencing CTCs.
  • Immune cells can exhibit both anti-tumor and tumor-promoting activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe immune cells involved in the CTC-immune system dialogue.
  • To detail the mechanisms of interaction from both CTC and immune cell perspectives.
  • To review the prognostic role of monitoring CTCs and immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immune cells interacting with CTCs.
  • Analysis of CTC-immune cell crosstalk mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of evidence on prognostic value.

Main Results:

  • Identified key immune cells (NK cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, etc.) involved in CTC dissemination.
  • Described direct and indirect mechanisms of CTC-immune cell interactions.
  • Highlighted the dual role of immune cells: anti-tumor and immunosuppressive.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between CTCs and immune cells is a complex, bidirectional process.
  • Monitoring both CTCs and immune cells holds prognostic potential for cancer management.
  • Further research into this dialogue can inform therapeutic strategies.