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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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DNA Bacteriophages01:26

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

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The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
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Bacteriophage Effectiveness for Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens Evaluated via High-Throughput Settings
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Phage and phage cocktails formulations.

Indra Mani1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|September 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bacteriophages (phages) offer a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections, including antibiotic-resistant strains. Phage cocktails are formulated to enhance efficacy against diverse bacterial pathogens and biofilms.

Keywords:
BacteriophagesInfectionsMultidrug-resistant bacteriaPhage cocktailsPhage therapyPhages

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections pose a significant global health threat.
  • Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that infect bacteria, present a viable alternative to conventional antibiotics.
  • Phages exhibit diverse mechanisms of action and can be safer than antibiotics in certain applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the formulation strategies for bacteriophage (phage) cocktails.
  • To discuss the application of phage cocktails in treating various bacterial infections.
  • To explore phage cocktails as a solution for antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation.

Main Methods:

  • Propagation of individual phage strains.
  • Preparation of phage cocktails by mixing different phage strains.
  • Formulation of combined phage-antibiotic therapies.

Main Results:

  • Phage cocktails demonstrate efficacy against both antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant bacteria.
  • Formulations can target single bacterial species or provide a broader spectrum of activity.
  • Phage cocktails show potential in controlling antibiotic resistance and bacterial biofilm formation.

Conclusions:

  • Bacteriophage cocktails are a versatile therapeutic strategy against bacterial infections.
  • Phage therapy offers a promising approach to combatting the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
  • Further research into phage cocktail formulations and applications is warranted.