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In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
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Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes

Published on: March 28, 2025

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Integrated transcriptomic meta-analysis and comparative artificial intelligence models in maize under biotic stress.

Leyla Nazari1, Muhammet Fatih Aslan2, Kadir Sabanci2

  • 1Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran. l.nazari@areeo.ac.ir.

Scientific Reports
|September 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies key maize genes that are upregulated during biotic stress, crucial for developing disease-resistant crops. Machine learning and deep learning models effectively classified these stress-responsive genes, highlighting BiLSTM

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Plant Pathology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Maize (Zea mays) is susceptible to yield loss from pathogen-induced biotic stress.
  • Identifying genes involved in disease resistance is critical for developing resilient maize cultivars.
  • Understanding gene expression patterns under stress enhances knowledge of maize defense mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Deep learning, specifically BiLSTM, offers a powerful approach for classifying stress-responsive genes in maize.
  • The identified upregulated genes provide valuable targets for breeding disease-resistant maize varieties.
  • This study advances our understanding of maize's genetic response to biotic stress, aiding in crop improvement strategies.