Bacteriological Profile and Drug Susceptibility in Mucosal type Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Rajesh Maharjan1, Brihaspati Sigdel2, Rajendra Nepali2
1Department of Otolaryngology, Nepal Korea Friendship Municipality Hospital, Thimi.
Background:
In Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, mucosal type, most common organisms are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus species (P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris). It is important to prescribe culture-directed antibiotics to prevent resistance. This study was conducted to determine the bacteriological profile and drug susceptibility in patient with chronic suppurative otitis media.
Methods:
This is a hospital-based descriptive study done at Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara, Nepal from July 2019 to June 2020. Under aseptic condition, the swab specimens were obtained from patients with history of ear discharge of >12 weeks duration and findings central perforation of the tympanic membrane. The sample was labeled and immediately transferred to the microbiology lab for culture/sensitivity test according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
Results:
Out of total 127 patients, 48 (37.8%) were male and 79 (62.2%) were female. One hundred and seven samples (84.3%) had positive culture while 20 samples (15.7%) had no growth. Staphylococcus aureus (43%), was the most common isolate followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.4%), Proteus mirabilis (9.3%), and Escherichia coli (8.4%). All the organisms isolated were 100% sensitive to imipenem followed by 96.2% sensitive to gentamicin and 95.3% to amikacin.
Conclusions:
Staphylococcus aureus (43%) was the most predominant isolate followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.4%), Proteus mirabilis (9.3%), and Escherichia coli (8.4%). Imipenem was the most sensitive antibiotic (100%) followed by gentamicin (96.2%), amikacin (95.3%), and ofloxacin (88.78%).
Insights
This study identified Staphylococcus aureus as the most common cause of chronic suppurative otitis media. Imipenem demonstrated 100% effectiveness against isolated bacteria, highlighting its potential in treating this condition.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is often caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus species.
- Antibiotic resistance necessitates culture-directed therapy for CSOM.
- Understanding the local bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the bacteriological profile of CSOM.
- To assess the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated pathogens.
- To guide appropriate antibiotic prescribing for CSOM.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based descriptive study was conducted from July 2019 to June 2020.
- Swab specimens were collected from 127 patients with chronic ear discharge and central tympanic membrane perforation.
- Culture and sensitivity testing were performed following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.
Main Results:
- Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolate (43%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.4%).
- Proteus mirabilis (9.3%) and Escherichia coli (8.4%) were also significant isolates.
- All tested organisms showed 100% sensitivity to imipenem, 96.2% to gentamicin, and 95.3% to amikacin.
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen in this CSOM cohort.
- Imipenem, gentamicin, and amikacin are highly effective antibiotics against CSOM isolates.
- Culture-directed antibiotic therapy is essential to combat resistance in CSOM.
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