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Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms, Underperception of Respiratory Compromise, and Illness

Natalie Fruchter1, Kimberly Arcoleo2, Deepa Rastogi3

  • 1Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Psychology
|September 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with asthma are linked to underestimating breathing difficulties and holding inaccurate beliefs about their condition. Early interventions can improve perception and health beliefs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Child Psychiatry
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Asthma affects millions of children, with comorbidities like ADHD complicating management.
  • Underperception of respiratory compromise and maladaptive illness beliefs are significant barriers to effective asthma care.
  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms may influence how children perceive their respiratory status and understand their illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ADHD symptoms and the underperception of respiratory compromise in children with asthma.
  • To examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and maladaptive illness representations in pediatric asthma patients.
  • To explore these associations in a diverse population of Black and Latino children.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 296 parent-child dyads recruited from urban pediatric asthma and primary care clinics.
  • Assessment of ADHD symptoms using the Conners-3 ADHD Index (child and parent reports).
  • Measurement of respiratory compromise perception using electronic peak flow monitors and subjective estimates; illness beliefs assessed via the Asthma Illness Representation Scale.

Main Results:

  • Both child- and parent-reported ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with a greater underperception of respiratory compromise.
  • Increased ADHD symptoms, from both child and parent perspectives, correlated with more maladaptive asthma beliefs.
  • Statistical significance was observed for all primary associations (p < .05).

Conclusions:

  • ADHD symptoms are independently associated with both underperception of respiratory compromise and maladaptive asthma beliefs in children with asthma.
  • Potential contributing factors include attentional deficits and hyperactivity, impacting self-awareness of physical symptoms.
  • Psychoeducation and targeted interventions are crucial for improving symptom perception and health beliefs in children with comorbid ADHD and asthma.
Abstract

Keywords:
ADHDasthmaattentionhealth disparities and inequitieshyperactivityparentsschool-age children

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