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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly

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The entropy-controlled strategy in self-assembling systems.

Xuanyu Zhang1, Xiaobin Dai1, Lijuan Gao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ltyan@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.

Chemical Society Reviews
|September 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores entropy-controlled self-assembly, a strategy to tailor material properties by managing entropic contributions alongside enthalpic forces. It offers a framework for understanding and utilizing entropy in designing advanced self-assembling systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Self-assembly is crucial for creating materials with tunable structures and properties.
  • Physicochemical interactions driving self-assembly require thorough understanding.
  • While enthalpic forces are well-studied, the role of entropy in self-assembly is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a framework for the entropy-controlled strategy in self-assembly.
  • To elucidate the fundamentals of entropy and its types relevant to self-assembly.
  • To explore the interplay between entropy and enthalpy in tailoring self-assembling systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental thermodynamic principles of entropy.
  • Analysis of entropy's role in regulating structural organization, including entropic force and superentropic effects.
  • Examination of principles, significance, and approaches of entropy-controlled strategies.

Main Results:

  • Entropy plays a significant, yet often underestimated, role in self-assembly.
  • An entropy-controlled strategy allows for precise tailoring of material structures and properties.
  • This strategy has been successfully applied in colloidal, macromolecular, and nonequilibrium systems.

Conclusions:

  • Entropy-controlled self-assembly offers a powerful approach for designing advanced materials.
  • Further research into complex self-assembling systems can unlock new applications.
  • Understanding and manipulating entropy is key to future innovations in materials science.