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Can flaxseed supplementation affect circulating adipokines in adults? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Shaghayegh Abbasi1, Kiana Karimi2, Amir Hossein Moridpour3,4
1Department of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Introduction:
The findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of flaxseed on adipokine concentrations are conflicting. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide definite and conclusive results.
Methods:
Systematically, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature published up to December 2022. Based on random-effect models, standard mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for net changes in adipokine concentrations.
Results:
Overall, 13 RCTs (15 arms) were eligible to be included. The results indicated that leptin was significantly reduced after the intervention with flaxseed supplement (SMD = -0.69, 95% CI: -1.37, -0.01; p = 0.048; I2 = 92.0%, p < 0.001). In addition, flaxseed supplements had no considerable effect on plasma adiponectin (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI: -0.20, 1.25, p = 0.159; I2 = 92.0%, p < 0.001).
Discussion:
Flaxseed significantly improves leptin but does not affect adiponectin concentrations. Additional future well-designed trials are required to further assess the potential benefits of flaxseed on adipokines in humans.
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