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Is the First-Trimester Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Associated With Preeclampsia?
Munire Funda Cevher Akdulum1, Erhan Demirdağ1, Seçil İrem Arık1
1Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, TUR.
Insights
The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was significantly higher in women with preeclampsia (PE). This index, calculated in the first trimester, shows potential for predicting preeclampsia in pregnant individuals.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Immunology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.
- The precise etiology of preeclampsia remains unclear.
- Early prediction of PE is crucial for maternal and fetal health management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) as an early predictor of preeclampsia.
- To determine if SII levels in the first trimester can differentiate between pregnancies that develop PE and those that do not.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study involving 130 pregnant women (30 with PE, 100 controls).
- Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) calculated using the formula: (neutrophil count × platelet count) / lymphocyte count.
- Demographic and clinical data, including hemogram values, were collected from patient records.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant difference in SII levels was observed between the PE group and the control group (p=0.03).
- The determined SII cut-off value for PE prediction was 836.83, with an area under the curve of 0.635.
- The predictive performance showed a sensitivity of 0.40 and a specificity of 0.60.
Conclusions:
- The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is significantly elevated in women with preeclampsia.
- First-trimester SII measurement shows potential as a predictive marker for preeclampsia.
- Combining SII with patient history and other risk factors may improve predictive accuracy due to its moderate sensitivity and specificity.
Objective:
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious and common pregnancy issue. There is a systemic inflammation in PE and it is accompanied by increased oxidative stress, but the clear etiology has not been revealed. We aimed to predict PE with the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) value calculated in the first trimester.
Material And Methods:
This is a retrospective study. One hundred fifty-seven pregnant women were included in the study. Twenty-seven pregnant women were excluded from the study. Age, gravida, parity, and hemogram values were recorded in the patients' first visit file records. The time and mode of delivery, birth weight, and APGAR scores were obtained from the file records of the patients. SII was created using the formula (neutrophil x platelet/lymphocyte). Result: The study group included 30 pregnant women who had been diagnosed with PE. The control group consisted of the remaining 100 pregnant women. There was a statistically significant difference between PE and control groups in terms of SII (p=0.03). The SII level cut-off value for predicting PE was determined to be 836.83. This value's area was found to be 0.635 (0.519-0.752). Furthermore, the selectivity is 0.60 and the sensitivity is 0.40 for these values. Conclusion: SII was found to be significantly higher in people with PE in the study. We showed that the SII value measured in the first trimester can be used to predict PE. It might make sense to combine this marker with the patient's history and other risk factors due to its low selectivity and sensitivity.
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