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Effectiveness of Neurodevelopmental Treatment and Sensory Integration Therapy on Gross Motor Function, Balance and
Anushka Raipure1, Rakesh Krishna Kovela2, Pallavi Harjpal1
1Department of Neuro Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND.
Insights
Sensory Integration Technique (SIT) significantly improved balance, gross motor function, and gait in children with spastic diplegia compared to Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT). SIT offers a promising therapeutic approach for this condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neurology
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Spastic diplegic cerebral palsy is a common condition affecting children's balance, gait, and gross motor skills.
- Children with spastic diplegia often face challenges in daily activities due to impaired motor function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the comparative effects of Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT) and Sensory Integration Technique (SIT) on balance, gross motor function, and gait in children with spastic diplegia.
- To determine which therapeutic approach yields superior outcomes for improving motor abilities in this population.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 40 children (8-12 years) with spastic diplegia (GMFCS I-III).
- Participants were divided into two groups: Group A received NDT, and Group B received SIT, both for 45 minutes daily, supplemented with 15 minutes of traditional physiotherapy for four weeks.
- Outcomes were assessed using the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88), Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), and gait parameters.
Main Results:
- Both NDT and SIT groups showed significant improvements post-intervention.
- Group B (SIT) demonstrated statistically significant superior outcomes compared to Group A (NDT) in GMFM-88 scores (p=0.0001) and PBS scores (p=0.0001).
- SIT positively impacted gait metrics, balance, and overall gross motor function.
Conclusions:
- Sensory Integration Technique (SIT) is more effective than Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT) in enhancing balance, gross motor function, and gait characteristics in children with spastic diplegia.
- SIT presents a valuable therapeutic option for pediatric rehabilitation in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.
Abstract:
Background Spastic diplegic cerebral palsy is the type that is most frequently seen in clinical settings. Spastic diplegic children have trouble maintaining their balance, gait, and gross motor function. This study investigated the effects of the Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT) and Sensory Integration Technique (SIT) on balance, gross motor function, and gait characteristics in children with spastic diplegia. Method The study's participants were 8 to 12 years old, with spastic diplegia, categorized into stages I to III of the Gross Motor Function Classification System. While individuals in group B underwent sensory integration therapy, group A's subjects received NDT for 45 minutes. Both groups received traditional physiotherapy for 15 minutes. The protocol was given for five days a week, continuously for four weeks. All 40 subjects underwent pre- and post-treatment assessments using the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88), Paediatric Balance Scale, Gait Parameters, and Gross Motor Function Classification System. Results The trial involved 40 children, divided into two groups of 20 each. Statistical analysis demonstrated a substantial improvement in group B post-intervention (P>0.0001). The study's findings were drawn using the Chi-Square test, paired and unpaired t-tests, and SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 27.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, USA).A p<0.05 and the GraphPad Prism version 7.0 (GraphPad Software, Boston, USA) were used. A total of 40 children completed the entire duration of treatment for a month. 20 subjects participated in group A (age range 8-12 years; mean age 10.3 years) and 20 subjects in group B (age range 8-12 years; mean age 10.25 years). The GMFM-88, which assesses motor function, reveals that the between-group comparison indicates a substantial difference of 7.95 (6.04-9.86) in favor of Group B, with a p-value of 0.0001, signifying statistical significance. Similarly, the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) outcomes significantly enhanced in both groups post-intervention. The comparison between groups yields a difference of 1.85 (1.11-2.59) in favor of Group B, with a p-value of 0.0001. Conclusion The study concluded that SIT has a positive impact on gait metrics, balance, and gross motor function in children with spastic diplegia.
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