Full-Endoscopic Transforaminal Approach for Lumbar Discectomy

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

Background:

• The full-endoscopic transforaminal approach for lumbar discectomy (ETALD) is increasingly adopted due to technological progress.
• This technique requires specialized instruments and a thorough understanding of spinal anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the technical aspects and anatomical landmarks of the ETALD procedure.
• To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ETALD compared to traditional methods.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a range of endoscopic instruments including a dilator, working sleeve, endoscope, Kerrison punch, and radioablator.
• Identification of key anatomical structures such as the caudal pedicle, facet joint, annulus fibrosis, and exiting nerve root is crucial.
• Procedure involves careful dissection and disc fragment removal under endoscopic visualization.

Main Results:

• Studies indicate outcomes comparable to open microdiscectomy.
• ETALD demonstrates reduced tissue disruption and lower postoperative surgical site pain.
• Patients undergoing ETALD experience earlier mobilization.

Conclusions:

• ETALD is a safe and viable option for lumbar discectomy.
• The technique's minimally invasive nature contributes to favorable patient outcomes and recovery.
• Advancements in endoscopic technology enhance the feasibility and effectiveness of ETALD.