Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.6K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

42.8K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
42.8K
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

398
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
398
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

987
Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
987
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

546
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
546
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

2.8K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Coordination-induced bond weakening of multiple C-H bonds in a molybdenum methyl complex leading to a bridging ethylenediyl by C-C bond formation through bimolecular coupling of a terminal methylidyne.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

CO<sub>2</sub> uptake potential of cerium(III) triazolates and tetrazolates.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

Light metal pyrazolates excel in carbon dioxide uptake.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Light Metal Pyrazolates Grafted onto Periodic Mesoporous Silica for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Transformation.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Cerium(III) Azolate Promoted CO<sub>2</sub> Insertion.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Correction to "Little MAO: Isolation of an {Al<sub>4</sub>} Methylalumoxane Species from the Reaction of Trimethylaluminum with Water".

Organometallics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

12.2K

Yttrium Complexes with Group 13 Heterobenzene-Type Ligands.

Jakob Lebon1, Damir Barisic1, Cäcilia Maichle-Mössmer1

  • 1Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study details the synthesis of novel yttrium gallium and aluminum complexes. These organometallic compounds exhibit unique reactivity, particularly in adduct formation and ligand exchange reactions with Lewis bases.

Keywords:
89Y NMR spectroscopyaluminumgalliummetallacyclesyttrium

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

2.9K
Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2025

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

12.2K
Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

2.9K
Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Main Group Chemistry

Background:

  • Yttrium complexes with Group 13 elements are of interest due to their unique electronic and steric properties.
  • Understanding ligand exchange and adduct formation is crucial for developing new catalytic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel yttrium complexes featuring gallabenzene and related ligands.
  • To investigate the reactivity of these complexes towards Lewis bases and explore ligand exchange mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of yttrium gallabenzene complex via salt metathesis and methane elimination.
  • Ligand displacement reactions using various anionic ligands (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl and tris(pyrazolyl)borato).
  • Characterization using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (89Y, 31P).

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of [(1-Me-3,5-tBu2-C5H3Ga)(μ-Me)Y(2,4-dtbp)] and related Al/Ga complexes.
  • Demonstration of facile ligand exchange with KC5Me5 and KTpMe,Me.
  • Observation of Lewis base adduct formation, with TMEDA inducing a unique methyl/pentadienyl exchange.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized yttrium complexes display versatile reactivity, allowing for controlled ligand modification.
  • The observed TMEDA-induced exchange highlights the dynamic nature of the metal-ligand interactions in these systems.
  • SCXRD and NMR spectroscopy provide detailed insights into the structural and bonding characteristics of these novel organometallic compounds.