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Understanding Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors in Autistic Toddlers.

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Speech-language pathologists can better support autistic toddlers by considering restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) and nonverbal cognition. These factors are linked to internalizing and externalizing behaviors in young autistic children.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Autistic toddlers frequently exhibit internalizing or externalizing behaviors.
  • Most speech-language pathologists (SLPs) lack specialized training to address these behaviors.
  • Tailoring interventions requires understanding factors associated with these behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify child and caregiver characteristics linked to internalizing and externalizing behaviors in autistic toddlers.
  • To inform SLPs on how to customize treatments for individual needs.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial.
  • Included 109 autistic children (18-48 months) and their mothers.
  • Examined child characteristics (language, restricted and repetitive behaviors [RRB], nonverbal cognition) and caregiver characteristics (self-efficacy, responsiveness).
  • Used seemingly unrelated regressions to assess associations.

Main Results:

  • Higher scores in restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) correlated with increased internalizing and externalizing behaviors.
  • Lower nonverbal cognition scores were associated with higher internalizing behaviors, though less strongly than RRBs.

Conclusions:

  • Speech-language pathologists can support autistic children's behaviors by considering RRBs and nonverbal cognition.
  • Interventions may be more effective when tailored to these specific child characteristics.