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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Electrolysis03:00

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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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DC Battery01:21

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A conductor needs to be a component of a path that creates a closed loop or full circuit to have a continuous current flowing through it. A current starts to flow if an electric field is created inside an isolated conductor that is not part of a full circuit. The conductor quickly develops a net positive charge at one end and a net negative charge at the other. These charges generate an electric field opposite the direction of the applied electric field, which reduces the current. Eventually,...
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Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

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Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
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Electrolyte Interphases in Aqueous Batteries.

Yiming Sui1, Xiulei Ji1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-4003, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
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Aqueous electrolytes face challenges due to water's limited electrochemical stability. This review explores strategies for creating protective interphases (SEI and CEI) in aqueous batteries using additives and co-solvents.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous electrolytes are limited by water's narrow electrochemical stability window.
  • Unlike non-aqueous systems, water electrolysis products do not form protective passivation layers on electrodes.
  • This necessitates strategies to engineer stable interfaces in aqueous battery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of electrolyte interphase formation in aqueous batteries.
  • To highlight recent advancements in creating solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) in aqueous electrolytes.
  • To address the challenges posed by water's limited electrochemical stability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of fundamental electrochemical principles.
  • Analysis of recent research on additives and co-solvents for aqueous electrolytes.
  • Discussion of SEI and CEI formation mechanisms in aqueous battery systems.

Main Results:

  • Aqueous electrolytes require specific additives or co-solvents to form protective SEI and CEI layers.
  • Engineered interphases are crucial for overcoming the limitations of water's electrochemical stability.
  • Recent advancements focus on tailored component design for enhanced interfacial stability.

Conclusions:

  • The successful development of aqueous batteries relies on the effective generation of stable SEI and CEI layers.
  • Understanding and controlling interphase formation is key to unlocking the potential of aqueous electrolytes.
  • Further research into novel additives and co-solvents will drive progress in aqueous energy storage.