Research progress of different components of PM_2.5 and ischemic stroke

PM_2.5 is a nonhomogeneous mixture of complex components produced from multiple sources, and different components of this mixture have different chemical and biological toxicities, which results in the fact that the toxicity and hazards of PM_2.5 may vary even for the same mass of PM_2.5. Previous studies on PM_2.5 and ischemic stroke have reached different or even opposing conclusions, and considering the heterogeneity of PM_2.5 has led researchers to focus on the health effects of specific PM_2.5 components. However, due to the complexity of PM_2.5 constituents, assessing the association between exposure to specific PM_2.5 constituents and ischemic stroke presents significant challenges. Therefore, this paper reviews and analyzes studies related to PM_2.5 and its different components and ischemic stroke, aiming to understand the composition of PM_2.5 and identify its harmful components, elucidate their relationship with ischemic stroke, and thus provide some insights and considerations for studying the biological mechanisms by which they affect ischemic stroke and for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke associated with different components of PM_2.5.