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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Microfluidic Mixers for Studying Protein Folding
Published on: April 10, 2012
Rapid droplet-based mixing for single-molecule spectroscopy
Tianjin Yang1, Karin J Buholzer2, Andrea Sottini2
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. t.yang@bioc.uzh.ch.
Abstract:
Probing non-equilibrium dynamics with single-molecule spectroscopy is important for dissecting biomolecular mechanisms. However, existing microfluidic rapid-mixing systems for this purpose are incompatible with surface-adhesive biomolecules, exhibit undesirable flow dispersion and are often demanding to fabricate. Here we introduce droplet-based microfluidic mixing for single-molecule spectroscopy to overcome these limitations in a wide range of applications. We demonstrate its robust functionality with binding kinetics of even very surface-adhesive proteins on the millisecond timescale.
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