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Excess body weight and dyslipidemia at well-child visit
Rodrigo Dos Santos Lima1,2, Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni3,4
1Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Centro Universitário - FMABC, Santo André, Brazil.
Insights
Childhood obesity is linked to dyslipidemia, with high triglycerides and low HDL-c common. Monitoring nutritional status and universal dyslipidemia screening are crucial during well-child visits.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases are a leading global cause of death.
- Obesity and dyslipidemia are significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
- Early identification of risk factors in children is essential for long-term health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and lipid profile abnormalities in children.
- To determine the frequency of lipid disorders in pediatric populations during routine check-ups.
- To identify specific lipid abnormalities linked to excess body weight in children.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study analyzed anthropometric and laboratory data from 363 children aged 2-9 years.
- Data were collected from pediatric clinic visits between 2014 and 2017.
- Logistic and linear regression models were used to assess associations between BMI and lipid parameters.
Main Results:
- Over one-third of children (31.4%) had excess body weight, and 14.6% had obesity/severe obesity.
- Dyslipidemia was present in 34.4% of children, with high triglycerides (18.5%) and low HDL-c (16.8%) being most frequent.
- Obesity was associated with hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.013) and low HDL-c (p=0.028). BMI z-score positively correlated with triglycerides and negatively with HDL-c.
Conclusions:
- Excess body weight and dyslipidemia are prevalent in one-third of the studied children.
- Elevated triglyceride levels in children are correlated with increased BMI z-scores.
- Routine monitoring of nutritional status and universal dyslipidemia screening are recommended for all children during well-child visits, irrespective of BMI.
Objectives:
Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death in the world. They are associated with the presence of risk factors such as obesity and dyslipidemia. Our objectives were to verify association between body mass index (BMI) and abnormalities in children's lipid profile evaluated during well-child visits, seeking to identify the frequency of each disorder in this population.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study examined anthropometric data and laboratory results of children aged 2 to 9 (n=363) at a pediatric clinic between 2014 and 2017. Logistic and linear regression models were employed to assess associations between variables.
Results:
Mean age was 6.3 ± 2.2 years; 187 (51.5 %) were male; 253 (69.7 %) were aged between 5 and 9 years old. A total of 114 (31.4 %) presented excess body weight and 53 (14.6 %) had obesity/severe obesity. Dyslipidemia was detected in 114 (34.4 %) children. Triglycerides was the most frequently altered lipid fraction (18.5 %), followed by HDL-c (16.8 %) and LDL-c (9.1 %). There was an association between hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.013) and low HDL-c (p=0.028) with obesity. BMI z-score showed a positive correlation with triglycerides (p=0.011) and a negative correlation with HDL-c (p=0.039). No association was observed between LDL-c and BMI.
Conclusions:
Excess body weight and dyslipidemia were seen in one-third of evaluated children. Elevations in triglycerides concentration were correlated with increased in BMI z-score. These findings point to the importance of monitoring nutritional status in well-child visits and performing universal screening for dyslipidemia in children, regardless of BMI.
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