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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.4K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.4K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.1K
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

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Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.3K
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

62.3K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
62.3K
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

43
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Application of MassSQUIRM for Quantitative Measurements of Lysine Demethylase Activity
07:02

Application of MassSQUIRM for Quantitative Measurements of Lysine Demethylase Activity

Published on: March 11, 2012

13.4K

Lysine Demethylation in Pathogenesis.

Jian Cao1,2, Qin Yan3

  • 1Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. jian.cao@rutgers.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Histone demethylases regulate gene expression and are crucial in development and disease. Inhibitors targeting these enzymes show promise for treating cancer and other conditions.

Keywords:
Amine oxidaseCancerHistone demethylaseHistone methylationHydroxylaseJmjCKDMKDM inhibitorLSD1Lysine demethylase

More Related Videos

Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark
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Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark

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Specificity Analysis of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases Using SPOT Peptide Arrays
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Specificity Analysis of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases Using SPOT Peptide Arrays

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Application of MassSQUIRM for Quantitative Measurements of Lysine Demethylase Activity
07:02

Application of MassSQUIRM for Quantitative Measurements of Lysine Demethylase Activity

Published on: March 11, 2012

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Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark
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Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark

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Specificity Analysis of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases Using SPOT Peptide Arrays
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Specificity Analysis of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases Using SPOT Peptide Arrays

Published on: November 29, 2014

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Histone methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression, DNA repair, and development.
  • Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) reverse histone methylation, playing critical roles in cellular processes.
  • Dysregulation of KDMs is implicated in various human diseases, particularly cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the roles of histone demethylases in normal development and disease.
  • To review the therapeutic strategies targeting KDMs for disease treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on histone demethylases.
  • Analysis of the development and clinical progression of KDM inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Eight subfamilies of KDMs have been identified and characterized since the discovery of LSD1/KDM1A in 2004.
  • Small molecule inhibitors targeting KDMs have been developed through academic and industrial collaborations.
  • Several KDM inhibitors have advanced into clinical trials for cancer and other diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Histone demethylases are vital epigenetic regulators with significant roles in health and disease.
  • Targeting KDMs with small molecule inhibitors represents a promising therapeutic avenue for various diseases, including cancer.