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Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies

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Thyroid disorders and male sexual dysfunction.

Rohan Morenas¹, Danish Singh¹, Wayne J G Hellstrom²

¹Department of Urology, Section of Andrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.

International Journal of Impotence Research

|September 26, 2023

Summary

Thyroid disorders significantly impact male sexual dysfunction (SD), affecting erectile function, spermatogenesis, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Recognizing this link is crucial for diagnosing and managing male sexual health.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Urology
Reproductive Medicine

Background:

Early research overlooked thyroid hormone involvement in male reproductive functions.
Recent decades show increasing evidence linking thyroid disorders to male sexual dysfunction (SD).

Purpose of the Study:

To review literature on thyroid disorders and male SD from 1963-2022.
To define diagnostic considerations, pathophysiology, and management strategies for SD secondary to thyroid dysregulation.

Main Methods:

Conducted a comprehensive literature review of clinical and preclinical studies.
Focused on studies published between 1963 and 2022.

Main Results:

Thyroid dysregulation is linked to erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction, and impaired spermatogenesis.
Disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is a key pathophysiological mechanism.
Thyroid disorders are a significant contributing factor to male SD.

Conclusions:

Thyroid disorders are integral to the pathophysiology of male sexual dysfunction.
This review provides a framework for clinicians evaluating patients with concurrent thyroid and SD issues.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms.