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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
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Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy
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Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy

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Mild Biceps Tendonitis May Be Managed Nonoperatively During Shoulder Arthroscopy.

Jonathan J Light1, Wihan du Plessis1,2, Matthew H Adsit1,3

  • 1Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.A.

Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation
|September 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Mild biceps tendonitis in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy for other conditions had low revision surgery rates. Preoperative groove pain did not impact patient outcomes or satisfaction, indicating non-operative management is effective.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy
05:52

Author Spotlight: Treating Frozen Shoulder with Small Needle Knife Therapy

Published on: November 17, 2023

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Shoulder Arthroscopy

Background:

  • Biceps tendonitis often coexists with rotator cuff pathology.
  • The optimal management of mild biceps tendonitis during shoulder arthroscopy remains debated.
  • Non-operative treatment is frequently considered for mild tendon pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine revision surgery rates for mild biceps tendonitis when the tendon is not surgically addressed.
  • To evaluate the impact of preoperative bicipital groove pain on patient-reported outcomes.
  • To assess outcomes after arthroscopic treatment of concomitant shoulder pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of shoulder arthroscopies (2015-2018) for rotator cuff pathology, debridement, and/or distal clavicular excision.
  • Inclusion criteria: mild biceps tendonitis (<50% hyperemic tendon) and ≥2-year follow-up.
  • Outcomes: revision surgery incidence, ASES score, SST, pain, and satisfaction; comparison based on bicipital groove tenderness.

Main Results:

  • One revision surgery (biceps tenodesis) occurred in 64 eligible patients (1.6%).
  • High patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and 97% willingness to repeat surgery.
  • Preoperative bicipital groove pain did not significantly affect ASES scores, SST scores, postoperative pain, or satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • Mild biceps tendonitis can be managed non-operatively during shoulder arthroscopy with favorable outcomes.
  • Low revision rates and high patient satisfaction are achievable without direct biceps tendon intervention.
  • Preoperative bicipital groove pain is not a predictor of poorer outcomes in this cohort.