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Flow control among microvessels coordinated by intercellular conduction.

S S Segal, B R Duling

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |November 14, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers discovered that blood vessels can coordinate dilation independent of blood flow. This study reveals a novel intercellular communication mechanism for regulating vascular diameter.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Vascular Biology
    • Cellular Communication

    Background:

    • Optimal blood flow distribution relies on coordinated vasodilation in resistance vessels.
    • During hyperemia, vasodilation typically occurs upstream of the stimulus.
    • Spreading vasodilation independent of flow changes has not been previously demonstrated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the existence and mechanism of spreading vasodilation independent of blood flow changes.
    • To demonstrate intercellular communication coordinating diameter changes among resistance vessels.

    Main Methods:

    • Iontophoresis of acetylcholine adjacent to single hamster cheek pouch arterioles in situ.
    • Measurement of arteriolar diameter changes.
    • Elimination of blood flow using vascular occlusion to assess flow independence.

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    Main Results:

    • Acetylcholine iontophoresis induced rapid, bidirectional vasodilation in arterioles (20-37 micrometers).
    • This vasodilation persisted even when blood flow was occluded.
    • The findings indicate conduction of a vasodilatory stimulus along the arteriole.

    Conclusions:

    • A vasodilatory stimulus can be conducted along arterioles independent of blood flow.
    • This demonstrates an intercellular communication mechanism for coordinating resistance vessel diameter.
    • The findings provide new insights into vascular regulation and blood flow distribution.