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Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Cardiac Morphology, Function, and Left Ventricular Geometric Pattern in Patients with Hypertensive Crisis: A

Mohammed A Talle1,2, Anton F Doubell1, Pieter-Paul S Robbertse1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|September 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hypertensive crisis frequently causes left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and impaired function, especially in hypertensive emergencies. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging reveals common cardiac changes, including nonischemic late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Altered cardiac morphology and function increase adverse cardiac event risks in hypertension.
  • Hypertensive crisis presents a critical state requiring detailed cardiac assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate left ventricular (LV) morphology, geometry, and function in hypertensive crisis patients.
  • To utilize cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for comprehensive cardiac assessment.
  • To identify patterns and predictors of cardiac changes, including late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-two hypertensive crisis patients underwent 1.5 Tesla CMR imaging.
  • Assessment included cardiac volumes, mass, function, and contrasted studies.
  • LV geometry and function were defined by guidelines; LGE was classified into ischemic and nonischemic patterns.

Main Results:

  • Seventy-nine percent of patients exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), more prevalent in hypertensive emergencies.
  • Impaired systolic function affected 46% of patients, predominantly those with hypertensive emergencies.
  • Nonischemic LGE was common (75%), with creatinine and LV mass independently associated with its presence.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertensive crisis is frequently associated with LVH, altered geometry, impaired LV systolic function, and LGE.
  • LVH and LGE are more prevalent in hypertensive emergencies.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the prognostic significance of asymmetric LVH and LGE in this population.

Keywords:
cardiac morphology and functioncardiovascular magnetic resonancegeometric patternshypertensive crisishypertensive emergencyhypertensive urgencylate gadolinium enhancement

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