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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Related Experiment Video

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Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration
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Whole knee joint mapping using a phase modulated UTE adiabatic T1ρ (PM-UTE-AdiabT1ρ ) sequence.

Yajun Ma1, Michael Carl2, Qingbo Tang1,3

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|September 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new 3D phase modulated UTE adiabatic T1ρ (PM-UTE-AdiabT1ρ) sequence enables whole knee joint mapping. This advanced MRI technique provides accurate T1ρ measurements for various knee tissues, improving diagnostic capabilities.

Keywords:
AdiabT1ρT1ρUTEwhole knee imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Musculoskeletal Imaging

Background:

  • T1ρ (longitudinal relaxation time in rotating frame) MRI is sensitive to tissue composition.
  • Accurate T1ρ mapping of the knee joint is challenging due to the complexity of tissues and motion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel 3D phase modulated UTE adiabatic T1ρ (PM-UTE-AdiabT1ρ) sequence.
  • To enable whole knee joint volumetric T1ρ mapping on a clinical 3T scanner.

Main Methods:

  • The PM-UTE-AdiabT1ρ sequence incorporates magnetization reset, adiabatic pulses, phase modulation, fat saturation, variable flip angles, and 3D UTE Cones acquisition.
  • T1ρ quantification was performed using simple exponential fitting.
  • Phantom studies assessed sensitivity, reproducibility, and correlation with continuous wave-T1ρ.
  • The sequence was applied to ex vivo and in vivo normal knees.

Main Results:

  • Phantom studies showed high sensitivity to compositional changes, excellent reproducibility, and strong correlation with continuous wave-T1ρ.
  • In vivo T1ρ values were obtained for femoral cartilage (77.9 ± 3.9 ms), meniscus (30.1 ± 2.2 ms), ACL (52.0 ± 3.1 ms), PCL (29.2 ± 2.4 ms), patellar tendon (17.0 ± 1.8 ms), and muscle (57.6 ± 2.8 ms).

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D PM-UTE-AdiabT1ρ sequence is suitable for volumetric T1ρ assessment of the knee joint.
  • This technique can map both short and long T2 tissues within the knee on a clinical 3T scanner.