[Forensic dentistry for identity verification. A survey at the state police level]

In Germany, the identification of unknown dead persons is the responsibility of the police. According to INTERPOL standards, primary (e.g., DNA, fingerprints, and teeth) and secondary (e.g., tattoos) characteristics are examined. Forensic dentistry is already used internationally as an efficient method. In this study, the approach of state police in Germany was analyzed. The methods used for identification, the role of forensic dentistry, the cooperation with dentists, and possible optimization approaches are investigated.

By means of a digital questionnaire, police officers competent in all federal states for the discovery of unknown dead bodies were asked about identification methods and specifically about the use of forensic dentistry.

Eighty-five officers from at least 11 federal states participated in the survey. The procedure turned out to be department specific. In 72.6% of the cases, different characteristics are combined in the identification process, most frequently DNA with dental status (37.1%). DNA analysis is used most frequently. Of the respondents, 62.9% agreed that dental identification is used "often." The percentage of identifications using dental status is estimated to be 1.6-8.1%. For forensic dentistry, 19.4% have a fixed point of contact. A digital platform to contact dentists was estimated to be helpful by 56.5%.

Forensic dentistry is currently still lagging behind DNA analysis, which could change through increasing digitalization if, for example, ante-mortem data are more reliably available and platforms for interdisciplinary exchange are created.