Trends in COVID-19 and influenza vaccine ordering and distribution in Massachusetts jails

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Health Equity

Background:

• Incarcerated populations face elevated risks for respiratory infections like COVID-19 and influenza.
• Vaccine accessibility and administration within correctional facilities are critical public health concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze COVID-19 and influenza vaccine ordering and administration rates in Massachusetts county jails.
• To compare these rates with those in the general population.
• To identify disparities in vaccine distribution within carceral settings.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of vaccine ordering and administration data from 13 Massachusetts county jails.
• Comparison of jail-based vaccine data with general population vaccination rates.
• Assessment of vaccine brand distribution patterns.

Main Results:

• Significant heterogeneity observed in vaccine orders per incarcerated individual across jails, with smaller jails ordering more.
• Jails administered approximately 41% of ordered COVID-19 and influenza vaccines.
• Disparities in vaccine brand availability were noted between incarcerated and non-incarcerated populations.

Conclusions:

• Vaccine distribution in jails is uneven, and administration rates are suboptimal.
• Disparities in vaccine brands may exacerbate existing health inequities for incarcerated individuals.
• Enhanced, equitable vaccine strategies and inter-system collaboration are essential for improving vaccination coverage in carceral settings.