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Cellular Stress: Modulator of Regulated Cell Death
Prem Prasad Lamichhane1, Parimal Samir1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Biology
|September 28, 2023
Summary
The integrated stress response (ISR) and stress granules (SGs) help cells survive stress and prevent cell death. However, they also aid cancer cell survival, highlighting the need to understand ISR and regulated cell death (RCD) interactions.
Area of Science:
- Cellular biology
- Molecular medicine
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The integrated stress response (ISR) is a cellular defense mechanism against stressors.
- ISR activation can lead to stress granule (SG) formation, which are cytoplasmic compartments.
- ISR and SGs play roles in preventing regulated cell death (RCD) and maintaining homeostasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the interplay between cellular stress responses and RCD pathways.
- To explore the role of ISR and SGs in health and disease.
- To highlight the need for understanding ISR-RCD crosstalk in cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of cellular stress response pathways.
- Analysis of the role of ISR and SGs in preventing apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis.
- Examination of ISR and SG involvement in cancer cell survival under stress.
Main Results:
- ISR and SGs are key regulators of cellular adaptation to stress.
- These pathways inhibit multiple forms of RCD, promoting cell survival.
- Cancer cells exploit ISR and SGs to endure harsh conditions like hypoxia and chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms of ISR and RCD crosstalk is crucial.
- This knowledge is vital for developing therapeutic strategies against diseases, particularly cancer.
- Further research in this area is expected to yield significant insights into human diseases.
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