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Associations of High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality with Coronary Plaque Characteristics in Diabetic Patients with

Kohei Takata1,2, Satoshi Imaizumi1,3, Atsushi Iwata1,4

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.

Biomolecules
|September 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality impacts coronary atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. Improved HDL function may stabilize vulnerable plaques, reducing coronary artery disease (CAD) risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality is linked to coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • The specific impact of HDL functionality on coronary atherosclerosis remains unclear.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing CAD in diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between HDL functionality and coronary plaque characteristics in type 2 diabetic patients with CAD.
  • To determine if HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (HDL-CEC) and HDL inflammatory index (HII) correlate with atheroma burden and plaque composition.

Main Methods:

  • Coronary atheroma burden and plaque composition were assessed using intravascular ultrasound in 38 type 2 diabetic patients with CAD.
  • HDL-CEC and HII were measured.
  • Multivariate analyses, including principal components analysis and orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS), were employed to analyze associations.

Main Results:

  • Percent atheroma volume showed a correlation with HDL-CEC (r = 0.34, p = 0.04).
  • OPLS models revealed significant associations between HDL functionality (HDL-CEC and HII) and percentage lipid volume.
  • HDL inflammatory index (HII) demonstrated the highest variable importance, indicating a substantial contribution to plaque composition.

Conclusions:

  • HDL functionality is associated with coronary plaque composition, influencing plaque vulnerability.
  • These findings suggest that HDL functionality plays a significant role in the stabilization of coronary plaques.
  • Targeting HDL functionality may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for managing coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.

Keywords:
antioxidant capacitycholesterol efflux capacitycoronary artery diseasehigh-density lipoproteinintravascular ultrasound

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