Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Cytotoxic Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro
08:04

Cytotoxic Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro

Published on: March 18, 2014

12.9K

Oclacitinib and Myxoma Virus Therapy in Dogs with High-Grade Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Laura V Ashton1, Kristen M Weishaar2, Bernard Séguin3

  • 1Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

Biomedicines
|September 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Combining oncolytic virotherapy (OV) with immunotherapy showed promise in treating canine soft tissue sarcoma (STS). While OV alone reduced tumor regrowth, the combination therapy did not yield further benefits in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Oncolytic Virotherapy

Background:

  • Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in dogs share similarities with human rhabdomyosarcomas, making canine models valuable for cancer therapy research.
  • Combining oncolytic virotherapy (OV) with immunotherapy offers potential for improved cancer treatment outcomes in both canine and human patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of combining OV with immunotherapy for treating canine soft tissue sarcoma (STS).
  • To evaluate the role of type I interferons (IFN) in limiting myxoma virus (MYXV) replication in canine cancer cells and explore strategies to mitigate this effect.

Main Methods:

  • Canine cancer cells were infected with myxoma viruses (MYXVs) to analyze gene transcripts and cytokine concentrations.
  • Oclacitinib, a JAK1 inhibitor, was administered to dogs to reduce type I IFN production prior to surgical excision of STS tumors.
  • Post-operatively, MYXV deleted for serp2 (MYXV∆SERP2) was administered at the surgical site to target residual microscopic tumor cells.

Main Results:

  • Myxoma virus (MYXV) replication in canine cancer cells was found to be limited by type I interferons (IFN), similar to murine and human cells.
  • Tumor regrowth was decreased in dogs treated with OV compared to historical controls.
  • Combination therapy, including immunotherapy and OV, did not demonstrate further inhibition of tumor regrowth compared to OV alone.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) alone showed a positive effect in reducing tumor regrowth in canine soft tissue sarcoma (STS).
  • The combination of OV with immunotherapy, specifically using oclacitinib to inhibit type I IFN, did not enhance therapeutic outcomes in this study.
  • Further research is needed to optimize combination strategies for canine and human cancer therapies involving OV and immunotherapy.
Keywords:
cancercytokinesdogsoclacitiniboncolytic virus

More Related Videos

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models04:25

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Published on: October 28, 2021

9.4K
Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats06:32

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats

Published on: October 24, 2016

26.7K

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
551
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K