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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Stroke in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review

Christodoula Kourtidou1, Konstantinos Tziomalos2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Biomedicines
|September 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) face increased risks for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. This review explores the direct impact of CKD on stroke risk and underlying mechanisms beyond traditional risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to a heightened risk of stroke.
  • This association persists independently of common stroke risk factors like hypertension and atrial fibrillation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of CKD on stroke risk and outcomes.
  • To explore the pathophysiology of increased stroke risk in CKD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the association between renal dysfunction and cerebrovascular disease.
  • Discussion of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • CKD is associated with increased incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Renal dysfunction correlates with cerebrovascular conditions including silent brain infarcts, cerebral small vessel disease, microbleeds, and white matter hyperintensities.

Conclusions:

  • CKD significantly elevates stroke risk through mechanisms potentially independent of traditional risk factors.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing cerebrovascular complications in CKD.

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseasedyslipidemiahypertensionstrokethrombosis

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