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Prefrontal Cortex Activation during Memory Training by Virtual Drum Beating: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Yeon-Gyo Nam¹, Bum-Sun Kwon²

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 28, 2023

Summary

Realistic cognitive training using virtual drum beating and memory exercises showed increased brain activation in healthy adults. This novel approach may offer a safer alternative for cognitive rehabilitation compared to conventional methods.

Keywords:

VR/AR clinical training cognitive health exergames

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used for cognitive impairment in neurological disorders.
Cognitive training effectiveness can be enhanced by multi-sensory engagement.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of a realistic cognitive exergame (RCE) versus conventional cognitive exercise (CCE) on brain activity.
To compare the neural activation patterns during digit memorization tasks between RCE and CCE groups.

Main Methods:

Thirty healthy participants were divided into CCE (screen-based memorization) and RCE (virtual drum beating memory game) groups.
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured oxyhemoglobin (ΔHbO) levels in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).

Main Results:

The RCE group exhibited significantly higher activation (ΔHbO) in the right DLPFC and OFC compared to the CCE group (p < 0.05).
Higher activation in RCE was attributed to integrated visual, auditory, and haptic sensory inputs from the virtual drumming task.

Conclusions:

Realistic cognitive training, incorporating virtual drumming, promotes greater DLPFC and OFC activation than conventional methods.
This exergame approach may provide a more effective and potentially safer method for cognitive training and rehabilitation.