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A Transcriptomic Analysis of Smoking-Induced Gene Expression Alterations in Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Mohammed Merzah1, Szilárd Póliska2, László Balogh3

  • 1Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Smoking significantly alters blood gene expression in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. This study identified key genes, including RCAN3, TRAV4, and JCHAIN, implicated in CAD development among smokers.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Smoking is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Limited research exists on smoking's impact on blood gene expression in CAD patients.
  • A gap in understanding molecular mechanisms linking smoking and CAD necessitates further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of smoking on blood gene expression in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with smoking status in CAD.
  • To explore potential molecular pathways influenced by smoking in CAD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Single-center, cross-sectional study design with strict inclusion criteria.
  • High-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) with single-end sequencing (75-cycle read length).
  • Analysis of gene expression differences between smokers and non-smokers in 44 CAD patients.

Main Results:

  • Identified 120 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between smokers and non-smokers (FC ≥ 1.5, p < 0.05).
  • 31 statistically significant DEGs (FC ≥ 2.0, FDR ≤ 0.03) were found, including 5 upregulated (immune response) and 26 downregulated (oxygen/heme binding).
  • Overexpression of RCAN3, TRAV4, and JCHAIN genes noted in smokers, suggesting novel roles in CAD.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking induces significant changes in blood gene expression in CAD patients.
  • Identified DEGs provide molecular insights into CAD pathogenesis related to smoking.
  • RCAN3, TRAV4, and JCHAIN represent potential novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets in smoking-related CAD.

Keywords:
NGSRNAseqcoronary artery diseasegene expressionsmoking

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