Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2025
Utilization of Stop-flow Micro-tubing Reactors for the Development of Organic Transformations
Published on: January 4, 2018
Comparative Study of Batch and Continuous Flow Reactors in Selective Hydrogenation of Functional Groups in Organic
Marina V Bukhtiyarova1, Alexey L Nuzhdin1, Galina A Bukhtiyarova1
1Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Abstract:
Many research papers describe selective hydrogenation of functional groups, such as nitro groups, carbonyl groups, or unsaturated carbon bonds to obtain fine chemicals or precursors of pharmaceuticals. Quite often, the catalyst performance is investigated in batch or continuous flow reactors without finding advantages and disadvantages of this or that regime. At the same time, the transition from batch processes to continuous flow occurs on the industrial scale. However, the batch process can be preferable for some reactions, in spite of its drawbacks. This review article aims to identify all publications that consider selective hydrogenation of functional groups in organic compounds, both in batch and continuous flow reactors, at the same reaction conditions that allow making conclusions about the benefits of one of the regimes in a particular case.
Related Concept Videos
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
02:17Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions to Alkenes: Markovnikov's Rule
The hydrohalogenation of an unsymmetrical alkene can yield two haloalkane products, depending on which vinylic carbon takes up the halogen. However, one product usually predominates, where hydrogen adds to the vinylic carbon bearing the...
01:28Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
02:36Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn...
02:24Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.