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Comparative Analysis between Conventional Acrylic, CAD/CAM Milled, and 3D CAD/CAM Printed Occlusal Splints
Cristian Abad-Coronel1, Carolina Ruano Espinosa2, Sofía Ordóñez Palacios2
1CAD/CAM Materials and Digital Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010204, Ecuador.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2023
Summary
Milled occlusal splints exhibit superior fracture resistance compared to 3D printed and conventional acrylic resins. A flexible printed resin splint shows viable clinical potential, balancing strength and material properties.
Area of Science:
- Dental Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Digital Dentistry
Background:
- Digital technologies enable new material fabrication for occlusal splints.
- Selecting optimal materials and methods for occlusal splints is challenging.
- Evaluating material effectiveness and fracture resistance is crucial for clinical application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the fracture resistance of occlusal splints fabricated from different materials.
- To assess the impact of thermo-mechanical aging on splint material properties.
- To evaluate novel 3D printed materials against traditional and CAD/CAM methods.
Main Methods:
- Thirty-two occlusal splints were fabricated using four materials: two 3D printed polymers, a PMMA disc for CAD/CAM, and conventional heat-cured acrylic resin.
- Fracture resistance was tested using a load compression mode applied occlusally.
- Statistical analysis included Shapiro-Wilk, Levene's test, ANOVA, and Tukey's HSD test.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in fracture strength were observed among the four materials.
- Milled splints demonstrated the highest fracture strength (mean 3051.2 N).
- Flexible printed splints (1943.4 N), printed splints (1489.9 N), and conventional acrylic splints (1303.9 N) showed lower strengths.
Conclusions:
- Milled splints offer the highest fracture resistance.
- 3D printed splints using flexural rigid resin show promising clinical viability.
- While CAD/CAM and conventional methods differ in mechanical properties, factors like processing time and cost influence material selection.
