Polymers and Polymer-Based Materials for the Detection of (Nitro-)explosives

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Remote detection of explosives and warfare agents is critical.
• Fluorescence-based methods offer advantages like low cost, speed, and visual detection.
• Fluorescent polymers show promise due to mechanical properties and enhanced sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the latest advancements in polymer and polymer-based materials for detecting nitroaromatic compounds (NACs)/nitro-explosives (NEs).
• To organize recent literature based on polymer type and sensing mechanisms.
• To highlight the advantages of fluorescent polymers in explosive detection.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of studies published in the last decade.
• Categorization of materials based on polymer type (e.g., fluorescent polymers, biopolymers).
• Classification of sensing mechanisms employed for nitroaromatic compound detection.

Main Results:

• Polymers and polymer-based materials are effective for detecting nitroaromatic compounds (NACs).
• Various sensing mechanisms, including fluorescence quenching and aggregation-induced emission, are utilized.
• Fluorescent polymers offer amplified sensory responses and excellent mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

• Fluorescent polymers represent a significant advancement in the sensitive and selective detection of explosives.
• The review consolidates recent findings, providing a valuable resource for researchers in the field.
• Future research directions may focus on novel polymer architectures and integrated sensing systems.