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Published on: October 28, 2021
Identification and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Isolated from Soybean in Poland
Hanna Olszak-Przybyś1, Grażyna Korbecka-Glinka1, Elżbieta Patkowska2
1Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Abstract:
Fungi belonging to the Fusarium genus are commonly isolated from soybean plants and seeds but not all of them are pathogenic. The aim of this study was to compare the pathogenicity among different Fusarium isolates obtained from soybean plants with disease symptoms originating from an experimental field located in the southeast of Poland. Nineteen fungal isolates were selected for the pathogenicity assay, including eight isolates of F. oxysporum, six isolates of F. graminearum, four isolates of F. culmorum and one isolate of F. redolens. Species identification of these isolates was carried out using microscopic methods and sequencing of two genes: translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. redolens being isolated from soybean in Europe. The pathogenicity test was set up by fungal inoculation of healthy soybean seeds of three cultivars: Abelina, Atlanta and Mavka. Symptoms were assessed seven days after inoculation. Disease area percentage of Fusarium inoculated seeds was significantly higher compared to uninoculated control. Nineteen isolates differed in their aggressiveness as the median disease area percentage ranged between 5.0 and 88.0% depending on isolate. The obtained isolates of four Fusarium species may be used in the future screening of soybean cultivars for resistance to these pathogens.
Insights
This study assessed the pathogenicity of various Fusarium species isolated from soybean plants in Poland. Results show significant differences in aggressiveness among isolates, crucial for developing resistant soybean cultivars.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Mycology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Fusarium species are frequently found on soybean plants and seeds.
- Not all Fusarium isolates are pathogenic, necessitating pathogenicity assessments.
- Soybean diseases caused by Fusarium impact crop yield and quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the pathogenicity of different Fusarium isolates obtained from diseased soybean plants.
- To identify aggressive Fusarium species affecting soybean in Poland.
- To provide data for screening soybean cultivars against Fusarium pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and identification of Fusarium species using microscopy and gene sequencing (TEF1, RPB2).
- Pathogenicity assays involving inoculation of soybean seeds (cultivars: Abelina, Atlanta, Mavka).
- Assessment of disease severity based on the percentage of diseased seed area seven days post-inoculation.
Main Results:
- All nineteen Fusarium isolates significantly increased the disease area on soybean seeds compared to controls.
- Isolate aggressiveness varied considerably, with median disease area percentages ranging from 5.0% to 88.0%.
- This study reports the first isolation of Fusarium redolens from soybean in Europe.
Conclusions:
- Fusarium isolates from soybean exhibit diverse pathogenicity levels.
- Understanding isolate aggressiveness is vital for effective soybean disease management.
- These identified Fusarium isolates can aid in breeding soybean cultivars resistant to these fungal pathogens.
