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How Does Zinc Improve Salinity Tolerance? Mechanisms and Future Prospects.
Jinhua Shao1,2, Wei Tang1, Kai Huang1
1China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning 530023, China.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2023
Summary
Zinc application enhances plant salinity tolerance by improving growth, nutrient uptake, and stress responses. This review explores how zinc (Zn) mitigates salt stress (SS) effects, identifying research gaps for future crop improvement.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Salinity stress (SS) severely limits global agricultural productivity by negatively impacting plant growth and yield.
- High salinity alters soil properties and disrupts plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular functions.
- Micronutrient application is a key strategy to mitigate abiotic stress effects in crops.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms by which zinc (Zn) application confers salinity tolerance in plants.
- To identify current research gaps concerning Zn's role in mitigating salt stress.
- To provide insights for developing salt-tolerant crops using Zn.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on zinc and salinity stress in plants.
- Analysis of physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to Zn application under SS.
- Identification of research gaps and future directions.
Main Results:
- Zn application improves seed germination, seedling growth, water relations, and nutrient homeostasis under SS.
- Zn protects the photosynthetic apparatus, enhances chlorophyll synthesis, and boosts carbon fixation.
- Zn stimulates antioxidant activity, secondary metabolite synthesis, and stress-responsive gene expression.
Conclusions:
- Zinc (Zn) plays a crucial role in enhancing plant tolerance to salinity stress (SS) through multiple mechanisms.
- Zn application offers a promising strategy for improving crop performance in saline environments.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate Zn's potential in developing resilient crops.
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